Can DNA Unlock India’s Next Star Athletes? Inside Gujarat's Sports Genomics Study | Explained

Last Updated:April 15, 2026, 12:22 IST

Gujarat is set out to undertake a first-of-its-kind sports genomics study, which aims to identify genetic markers linked to endurance, strength and power

What roles do genes play in the making of a successful athlete? Gujarat is set out to answer this question with a first-of-its-kind sports genomics study, which aims to identify genetic markers linked to endurance, strength and power. The findings will be used to build an athlete genome database, and design personalised training programmes to boost sporting performance.

According to a report in The Indian Express, the ‘Sports Genomics Programme’ will be led by the Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC) in collaboration with the Sports Authority of Gujarat.

With a budget of Rs 26.05 crore over five years, the programme plans to collect around 10,000 genetic samples from athletes across 10 sports disciplines.

Here’s a look at how the genome sequencing works, what it hopes to achieve and what are the ethical concerns surrounding such studies are globally.

What Is Sports Genomics?

Sports genomics is a field of science that studies how a person’s genes influence their athletic ability. It looks at how DNA affects traits like stamina, muscle strength, speed and recovery. Researchers say genetics can play a significant role in determining an individual’s potential in different types of sports.

How Will It Work?

The Gujarat programme will follow a step-by-step scientific process:

• Sample collection: Athletes’ DNA samples will be collected from across districts
• Genome sequencing: Labs will analyse genetic data to identify specific markers
• Insights: Scientists will map traits linked to endurance, power and strength
• Training plans: Coaches can use this data to design personalised training and recovery programmes

Officials say the database will also help identify injury risks and improve rehabilitation strategies.

What It Aims To Unlock

Officials say the initiative seeks to identify talent at an early stage and tailor training based on an athlete’s genetic profile. The database will combine genetic, physiological and performance data to better understand athletic potential, injury risks and recovery patterns.

Experts associated with the programme note that genetic factors can significantly influence athletic performance. A 2023 international study identified hundreds of genetic markers linked to endurance, power and strength, reinforcing the scientific basis for such initiatives.

The project will also explore how age and gender impact athletic performance at a genetic level, while helping design better rehabilitation protocols for injured athletes. Sampling strategies and sports categories will be finalised in coordination with state authorities.

Officials emphasise that while genetics play a key role, other factors such as training, nutrition, environment and access to support systems are equally important in shaping an athlete’s success.

Why Gujarat

The Gujarat government has been investing massively in its sports infrastructure, with an aim to transform the state into a sports hub and develop Ahmedabad as an ‘Olympic-ready’ city.

Ahmedabad will be hosting the 2030 Commonwealth Games, and India has also made a strong pitch to host the 2036 Olympics in the city.

In Budget 2026, the Gujarat government allocated Rs 1,331 crore for the sports sector.

The government has declared that Ahmedabad will be developed as an “Olympic-ready" city with an investment of around Rs 500 crore as part of the state’s broader vision to host and support international-level sporting events in the future.

Global Examples Of Such Research

Similar research has already been explored in countries with strong sports science ecosystems:

• United States: Elite training centres use genetic insights alongside performance data
• China: State-backed programmes combine biology and analytics to identify talent early
• Australia: Sports institutes integrate science-led methods to optimise athlete performance

These models have influenced how countries invest in high-performance sports systems.

Ethical Concerns

While the science is promising, experts flag several risks:

• Privacy issues: Genetic data is highly sensitive and needs strong protection
• Bias in selection: Over-reliance on DNA could exclude talented athletes who develop later
• Genetic profiling: Labelling athletes based on genes may limit opportunities

Globally, debates continue on how to balance innovation with fairness and ethics in sports.

India Context: Talent vs Infrastructure

India has traditionally produced top athletes despite limited access to advanced infrastructure. Many, including athletes from remote regions, have succeeded through training, resilience and opportunity rather than scientific support.

Experts say while genomics can help refine training, India’s bigger challenge remains improving grassroots facilities, coaching quality, and nutrition support systems.

Officials involved in the project have also acknowledged that performance depends not just on genetics, but on environment, training and access to resources.

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