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Eating too much sugar doesn’t just affect your weight; it can also show up on your skin. One of the most overlooked signs of high blood sugar is the development of dark, velvety patches, particularly around the neck, armpits, or groin.
This condition, called acanthosis nigricans, often indicates that your body is producing excess insulin or becoming resistant to it, an early warning sign of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Spotting this subtle change early allows you to take steps to balance your blood sugar, improve your skin’s appearance, and protect your long-term metabolic health.
Acanthosis nigricans: Dark skin patches that could indicate high blood sugar
Acanthosis nigricans is a skin condition characterised by dark, thickened, and velvety areas, typically appearing in body folds such as the neck, underarms, groin, and under the breasts.
The patches can range in colour from light brown to black and may feel soft or slightly rough to the touch.This condition itself is not harmful, but it serves as an external indicator of internal imbalances, particularly insulin resistance. When the body produces excess insulin to manage rising blood sugar levels, it can overstimulate certain skin cells, causing them to multiply and produce more pigment, resulting in darkened skin.
In most cases, acanthosis nigricans develops gradually. While it may sometimes be linked to genetics, hormonal changes, or certain medications, it most commonly appears in people with obesity, insulin resistance, or metabolic disorders such as prediabetes.
According to a study published in the NCBI Bookshelf, these factors are key contributors to the development of acanthosis nigricans.
Common areas where patches appear on your skin
- Back of the neck
- Armpits
- Groin and inner thighs
- Under the breasts
- Elbows or knees
- Around the navel
- Occasionally, on the hands, lips, or soles
These areas tend to darken more easily because they are prone to friction, which can worsen the thickening of the skin.
Why high sugar intake can affect your skin
Consuming a diet rich in refined carbohydrates and sugary foods causes frequent spikes in blood sugar. To manage these spikes, the pancreas releases insulin, which helps cells absorb glucose. Over time, however, cells become less responsive to insulin — a condition known as insulin resistance.When insulin levels remain high, they activate skin cells called keratinocytes and melanocytes. This leads to the overproduction of keratin (which thickens the skin) and melanin (which darkens it).
The combination creates those tell-tale dark, velvety patches.If left unchecked, persistent insulin resistance can progress to type 2 diabetes and other metabolic complications. That’s why it’s important not to ignore such skin changes, even if they don’t cause pain or irritation.
Understanding the link between acanthosis nigricans and diabetes
While acanthosis nigricans doesn’t necessarily mean you have diabetes or prediabetes, it can serve as an important warning sign.
If you notice such skin changes, it’s advisable to speak with your healthcare provider. Prediabetes indicates that your blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet in the diabetic range. In such cases, your doctor can guide you on lifestyle changes to help lower your risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
If diabetes is diagnosed, your healthcare provider will discuss suitable treatment options to help you manage the condition effectively.
What you should do if you notice these patches
If you spot new or spreading darkened patches, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider. They can assess whether it’s linked to insulin resistance, hormonal imbalance, or another underlying cause. Early detection is crucial in preventing more severe conditions.Doctors may perform blood tests to check glucose, insulin, or lipid levels. If insulin resistance or diabetes is detected, treatment typically includes lifestyle adjustments, such as adopting a balanced diet, losing excess weight, and increasing physical activity.For cosmetic concerns, dermatologists may recommend topical retinoids, exfoliating creams, laser therapy, or chemical peels to help lighten the patches. However, skin treatments work best when combined with overall metabolic management.
How to lower your sugar levels naturally
Limit refined sugars and processed foods: Replace sweets, pastries, and sugary drinks with whole fruits and natural sources of sweetness.
- Choose low-glycaemic foods: Opt for whole grains, legumes, and vegetables that release glucose slowly.
- Exercise regularly: A mix of cardio and strength training helps your body use insulin more effectively.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Losing even a small amount of body fat can improve insulin sensitivity.
- Stay hydrated and get enough sleep: Both play an important role in blood sugar balance.
Dark, velvety patches on the skin might seem harmless at first, but they can be an early red flag that your body is struggling with excess sugar and insulin resistance. Paying attention to these subtle signs, and making lifestyle changes to manage your blood sugar, can help you prevent serious health issues in the future while improving your skin’s appearance and overall wellbeing.Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional before making any changes to your diet, medication, or lifestyle.Also read | Chemotherapy for lung cancer: Know the common side effects and treatment outcomes
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