Why you’re gaining weight in your 40s, even if you haven’t changed a thing

Perimenopause is a transitional stage leading up to menopause, bringing significant hormonal changes that can actually impact a woman’s overall well-being. On the other hand, obesity is a global health concern that can add to the challenges women face during this phase.

The combination of these two can lead to physical, emotional and psychological challenges that may affect a woman’s daily life.Perimenopause usually begins at the age of 40 in women; it may start earlier or later as well. It is a result of fluctuating estrogen and progesterone levels, causing irregular periods, hot flashes, mood swings and sleep disturbance. Some women may also experience joint pain, fatigue and slower metabolism.Weight gain is common during perimenopause due to hormonal changes and a slower metabolic rate. Some women may have noticed that fat accumulates around the abdomen instead of the hips and thighs. This is concerning because abdominal fat is linked to heart diseases, type 2 diabetes and other disorders. Lack of sleep and mood swings during perimenopause also contribute to weight gain. Poor sleep may affect hunger hormones, causing increased appetite and cravings.

Emotional eating may also further fuel obesity.Obesity, with declining estrogen levels raises the risk of high BP, high cholesterol and heart diseases. Excess weight gain and insulin resistance make women more vulnerable to diabetes. Extra weight can put strain on joints, increasing the risk of arthritis. Hormonal changes may contribute to anxiety, depression and low self-esteem. Obesity also increases the risk of sleep apnea due to hormonal shifts affecting breathing patterns.Focus on a balanced diet that is rich in protein, fiber and healthy ats. Strength training, yoga and other physical exercises will help in maintaining muscle mass and will boost metabolism as well. Meditation and therapy may help in managing emotional changes. Establish a bedtime routine and avoid caffeine before bed; this will help in improving sleep patterns.Dr. Sonia Golani, Consultant Gynaecologist and Obstetrician, Bhailal Amin General Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat